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In the ingredient descriptions: Good means that I like to see this in a product's list of ingredients. Okay means this product appears safe for a curly person like me to use. Caution means that this ingredient may not be good in some hair care products, or for some people. Avoid means this ingredient may hurt your hair. If you see this ingredient in a hair product, it's best to put it down and walk away.
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Sodium gluconate
(aka Gluconic acid sodium salt)
Caution
Fermented glucose (glucose is a sugar). This is a white to yellowish powder that's used as a chelating agent (binds with metals so they can be rinsed away) and as a skin conditioner [Gottschalck pg 2525, Winter page 475]. This is often used in food as an emulsifier (keeps products from separating), a dietary supplement, or to keep tomatoes and apple slices firm. Odorless and tasteless. The Environmental Safety Group's Skin Deep Cosmetic Safety Database lists this as a "skin conditioner", and that it's considered safe in low concentrations. Winter says it also appears in metal cleaners, paint strippers and rust removers, along with being used in conditioners and facial moisturizers [ Winter pg 468]. — I'm going to put this as a caution. Winter says it's shown to have systemic effects in high doses (I'm sure this is with ingestion, which you (hopefully) will not do with shampoos), but that the FDA considers it okay for use as a food sequestrant (preservative, and to prevent unwanted reactions with metals in shampoos)--which may be the cheleating that Gottschalck referenced. I'm still putting this as a caution because of how it's used in metal cleaners and rust strippers and such (however, it may be in those products as a cheleating agent or preservative), so I'm thinking as long as it's in small amounts in a product, it should be okay. But I'm not 100% sure, so I'm leaving it as a caution, and giving you what I found out so you can decide if you're okay with it in your product.—T
Source(s):
Winter Gottschalck http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=286 http://food.oregonstate.edu/glossary/g/gluconate.html http://www.answers.com/topic/sodium-gluconate http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=286 http://www.cosmeticdatabase.com/ingredient.php?ingred06=706067¬hanks=1
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References:
Applewhite, Thomas H., ed. Proceedings of the World Conference on Lauric Oils: Sources, Processing, and Applications
AOCS Publishing, 1994.
Barel, André O., Marc Paye, and Howard I. Maibach., eds. Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Second Edition
Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2001.
Begoun, Paula. Don’t Go Shopping for Hair-Care Products Without Me. 3rd Edition.
Renton: Beginning Press, 2005.
Begoun, Paula. The Beauty Bible.
Renton: Beginning Press, 2002.
Begoun, Paula. Don’t Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me.
Renton: Beginning Press, 2003.
Bellum, Sarah, ed. The Beauty Brains: Real Scientists Answer Your Beauty Questions
New York: Brains Publishing, 2008.
Gottschalk, Tari E. and McEwen, Gerald N, Jr. PhD, eds. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Tenth Edition 2004, Volumes 1-4.
Washington D. C.: The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragance Association, 2004.
Halal, John Hair Structure and Chemistry Simplified, Fifth Edition
Albany: Milady, 2002.
Hunting, Anthony L.L. Encyclopedia of Conditioning Rinse Ingredients.
Cranford, NJ: Micelle Press, Inc., 1987.
Hunting, Anthony L.L. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients.
Cranford, NJ: Micelle Press, Inc., 1983.
Johnson, Dale H. (Ed.). Hair and Hair Care, Cosmetic Science and Technology Series. Vol. 17.
New York: Marcel Dekker, 1997. Print.
Nnanna, Ifendu A. and Jiding Xia., eds. Protein-Based Surfactants: Synthesis: Physicochemical Properties, and Applications (Surfactant Science)
Madison Heights: CRC, 2001.
Quadflieg, Jutta Maria. Fundamental properties of Afro-American hair as related to their straightening/relaxing behaviour.
Diss. U of Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2003.
Schueller, Randy and Perry Romanowski, eds. Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin.
New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1999.
Winter, Ruth M.S. A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals
New York: Three Rivers Press, 2005.
Zviak, Charles., ed. The Science of Hair Care (Dermatology)
New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1986.
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